4.2.1. STUDY AND REPORT PHASE
The feasibility of a project can be investigated in this phase:
- Reviewing data and clarification of the client's requirements
- Identifying and analyzing government requirements for the project approval.
- Provision for clients' needs (planning surveys, evaluations) of prospective sites.
- Provision of general economic analysis of clients requirements and alternatives.
- Preparation of reports containing alternative solutions according to the findings and recommendations.
- Informing the client of necessary data and services for the project.
- Photogrammetry
- Reconnaisance survey
- Property surveys
- Topographic surveys
- Geotechnical investigations
- Seismicity studies
- Hydrological data
- Traffic studies
- Materials engineering
- Zoning assembly
- Land use information like deeds
- Environmental assessments
- Impact assessment
4.2.2. PRELIMINARY DESIGN PHASE
Preliminary design includes establishment of general size, scope and location of the project. The services include:
- Clarifying study and report phase and coordinating with governmental agencies and utilities.
- Advising clients for additional data and services required.
- Preparation of estimates
- Provision of periodic status reports
- Preparation of preliminary design documents
- Preliminary drawings
- Outline specifications
4.2.3. FINAL DESIGN PHASE
After approval of preliminary design, basic services for final design are as follows:
- Preparation of final drawing plans
- Preparation of revised estimate of probable total cost of the project
- Furnishing the necessary data for the application of regulatory permits.
- Preparation of basic construction documents for review and approval of the client.
- Furnishing required copies for necessary documents.
- Provision of periodic status reports
4.2.4. BIDDING OR NEGOTIATING PHASE
Services under this phase may include:
- Assisting in the bidding process:
- Obtaining bids
- Attending pre-bid conferences
- Receiving and processing deposits for bidding documents
- Issuing addenda for the bidding documents (interpretation, clarification, amending, expanding)
- Assisting in determination of contractors, subcontractors, and materials suppliers.
- Advice on acceptability of materials and equipment proposed by contractors and suppliers.
4.2.5. CONSTRUCTION PHASE
Services in this phase include consulting and advising the client during construction.
*Most Civil Engineers are not willing to assume the responsibilities associated with construction phase services without providing resident project representative services at the site.
- Review work of constructors through design concepts and shop and erection drawings.
- Review test reports on materials and equipment.
- Visiting the project site to observe and check progress and quality of work.
- Providing services by a full-time resident project representative and by supporting staff.
- Issuing instructions from the client to the contractors - interpret and clarify; preparation of change orders, special inspections, testing of work, recommendation to the acceptability of work.
- Recommend the client on corrective actions or contractual measures that may be exercised by the client.
- Preparing sketches required to resolve problems due to actual field conditions.
- Determining progress of work and preparation of payments due.
- Observing and assisting performance tests and initial operation of the project.
- Preparation of record drawings from information submitted by the contractor.
- Conducting final inspection and reporting the completion of the project, recommend final payments to contractors and release retained percentages.
4.2.6. OPERATION PHASE
The civil engineer may assist in the start-up of the project operations.
- Preparation of a manual for both operation and maintenance requirements
- Provide assistance in adjusting and balancing equipment
- Identify deficiencies and assisting in obtaining corrections
- Perform inspection before the end of the warranty period
- Assist in operator training
- Set up job classifications and salaries
- Organizing purchase of supplies
- Develop charts for recording operational data
- Observing and reporting on project operations.
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