The scope of services for this category includes:
- Collection interpretation, and reporting information
- Formulate conclusions
- Give recommendations
4.1.1. PRELIMINARY AND FEASIBILITY INVESTIGATIONS AND REPORTS
Before allocation of funds for a project, extensive investigations and analyses should be done with comparisons of potential plans. The basis for conclusions and recommendations for undertaking a project are the following:
- Environmental impact of the project. Effect of the project on the environment. Would the project develop pollution in the area? denudation of earth?
- Sustainable development. Economic development which does not deplete natural resources.
- Operating costs. Also called Operational costs, they are the expenses related to business operation, or to the operation of a device, component, piece of equipment or facility. They are the cost of resources to maintain its existence.
- Life-cycle costs. The total cost - recurring and one-time (non-recurring) - over the full life span or a specified period of a structure or system. It includes purchase price, installation cost, operating costs, maintenance and upgrade costs, and remaining (residual or salvage) value at the end of ownership or its useful life.
- Financing considerations. Choosing between financing methods
- Payment terms
- Total cost
- Length of arrangement
- Associated costs
- Requirements of the lender or investor
- Expected revenues. This signifies the amount projected to be collected during an accounting period.
4.1.2. PLANNING STUDIES
Civil engineer services cover the following:
- Developing engineering requirements for master plans
- Improvement plans
- Preliminary engineering studies of land development plans
- Urban plans
- Regional plans
- Investigations of environmental conditions
4.1.3. APPRAISALS, VALUATIONS AND RATE STUDIES
The service covers the establishment of prospective rates in evaluating properties through:
- analysis of existing conditions
- capital and operating costs
- overhead costs
- financing costs
- revenues
4.1.4. ASSISTANCE IN FINANCIAL MATTERS
For clients who intend to issue revenue bonds (Wikipedia: a special type of municipal bond distinguished by its guarantee of repayment solely from revenues generated by a specified revenue-generating entity), engineering services include:
- evaluation of the capabilities of facilities to meet needs
- probable construction costs
- annual revenue requirements
4.1.5. MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND EQUIPMENT TESTS
Using codes and standards, the service tests materials and equipment.
4.1.6. DIRECT PERSONAL SERVICES
This service covers preparation of legal proceedings.
4.1.7. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
The types of research covered:
- Development of methods and materials in construction.
- Improvement or upgrade of construction materials and methods.
4.1.8. SPECIAL SERVICES
Diverse activities in this scope are:
- Value engineering
- Appraisal and valuation
- Load testing
- Environmental evaluations
- Traffic engineering
- Forensic engineering for structural and other failures
- Operational assistance
- Materials process design
- Pilot studies
- Computer modeling
- Safety engineering
- Topographic, sounding and boundary survey engineering
- Toxic and hazardous waste evaluation
- Permit and application services
- Sales and marketing services
- Expert witness
- Representation of municipal or private entities in projects proposed for privatization
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